Amino acids are the basic building blocks of proteins. They constitute all proteinaceous material of the cell including the cytoskeleton and the protein component of enzymes, receptors, and signaling molecules, and also used for the growth and maintenance of cells. The amino acids are standardized by the HPLC method. HPLC with pre-column derivatization is commonly used for the analysis of amino acids. Amino acid analysis is an important approach for the characterization of protein and peptide-based products.
Assessment of a New Antibiotic:
Antibiotic production: For the production of new
antibiotics there are a few steps to be followed.
- Isolation or collection of culture.
- Screening of cultures to detect antimicrobial activity.
- Development of methods for submerged culture production.
- Development of methods for isolation and purification of antibiotics.
- Determination of antibiotic properties like physical (adsorption, absorption) and chemical (reactions, solubility stability, etc.)
- Evaluation of antibiotics:
- Pharmacological test: To check the toxicity, activity at lower concentrations, bacterial sensitivity, etc.
- Antimicrobial activity: To check whether bacteriostatic or bactericidal.
- Comparison with existing antibiotic: To check the potency.
- Development of pilot plant production method.
- Submission of license for clinical trials.
- Testing of purified antibiotics.
- Development of plant scale production method.
- Obtaining a product license for clinical use.
- Other considerations.
- Development of methods to control the production of antibiotics.
- Development of new applications.
- Development of marketing and distribution system.
- Financing of business.